By: Arshid Qalmi
Teachers play a crucial role in shaping the lives of their students. They not only impart knowledge and skills but also serve as role models for their students. Teachers are perceived as role models by their students. Let’s explore why, from a psychological point of view.
Social Learning Theory
One reason why students perceive their teachers as role models is due to the Social Learning Theory. The Social Learning Theory suggests that people learn by observing and modelling the behaviorof others (Bandura, 1977). Teachers are in a unique position to provide a model for behavior, attitudes, and values. Students observe and learn from their teachers, and over time, the teacher’s behaviors become internalized as norms and standards.
Research has supported the Social Learning Theory in the context of teachers as role models. For instance, a study conducted by McDonough and Hickey (2017) found that students who perceive their teachers as role models are more likely to engage in positive behavior, such as being respectful, responsible, and honest. Another study by Hughes, Cavell, and Jackson (1999) found that students who perceive their teachers as role models have higher self-esteem and better social skills.
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Another reason why students perceive their teachers as role models is due to the Cognitive Dissonance Theory. The Cognitive Dissonance Theory suggests that people experience discomfort when they hold conflicting beliefs or values (Festinger, 1957). Students may be motivated to see their teachers as role models to reduce this dissonance. For example, if a student admires their teacher’s hard work and dedication, they may be more likely to work hard themselves to align their behavior with their beliefs.
Research has also supported the Cognitive Dissonance Theory in the context of teachers as role models. For example, a study conducted by Wheeler, Greenberg, and Stappenbeck (2013) found that students who perceive their teachers as role models are more likely to engage in academic and extracurricular activities. This is because students see their teachers as successful and competent, and they want to align their behavior with those qualities.
Attachment Theory
A third reason why students perceive their teachers as role models is due to Attachment Theory. Attachment Theory suggests that humans have an innate need for social connection and attachment (Bowlby, 1969). Students may perceive their teachers as role models because they feel a sense of attachment to them. This attachment may develop because the teacher provides emotional support, guidance, and a sense of security to the student.
Research has supported Attachment Theory in the context of teachers as role models. A study conducted by Hamre and Pianta (2001) found that teachers who provide emotional support to their students have better relationships with them. These relationships are characterized by higher levels of attachment and trust, which can lead to students perceiving their teachers as role models.
Self-Determination Theory
A fourth reason why students perceive their teachers as role models is due to Self-Determination Theory. Self-Determination Theory suggests that people are motivated by three basic needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness (Ryan & Deci, 2000). Students may perceive their teachers as role models because they feel that their teacher is competent, knowledgeable, and able to help them achieve their goals. Additionally, students may feel relatedness or a sense of connection to their teacher, which can further motivate them to learn and succeed.
Research has also supported Self-Determination Theory in the context of teachers as role models. A study conducted by Furrer and Skinner (2003) found that teachers who support students’ autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs have students who are more engaged in learning and have higher academic achievement. Students who perceive their teachers as role models may feel that their teachers are competent and knowledgeable, and this may motivate them to learn and achieve their goals.
In conclusion, students perceive their teachers as role models due to a combination of social learning theory, cognitive dissonance theory, attachment theory, and self-determination theory. Teachers have a significant influence over students, and they provide a model for behavior, attitudes, and values that students may internalize and emulate. Research has supported the psychological theories behind why students perceive their teachers as role models, and these findings highlight the importance of positive teacher-student relationships in promoting student learning and well-being.
